We also found that, during the remission phase of experimental multiple sclerosis, microglial cells activation is accompanied by both an increase in hippocampal levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β and by the over-expression of the enzyme NADPH oxidase, that is able to generate ROS and to participate to neurodegenerative processes12. This evidence concerns the gene FMO5 and multiple sclerosis.