As we observed PD-1 blocking antibody on TILs as well as TIM-3 upregulation at the time of therapeutic resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy, we treated mice with an anti-TIM-3 antibody at the time of PD-1 treatment failure to investigate whether TIM-3 blockade could provide additional clinical benefit in tumours, which had developed resistance to anti-PD-1 treatment. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is neoplasm.