HIF-dependent regulation of glycogen synthesis has also been confirmed in the human renal clear cell carcinoma cell lines RCC4 and 786-O, which are characterised by constitutive HIF1α and/or HIF2α activation, due to a defect in the tumour suppressor protein and HIF-negative regulator von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) [130]. The gene discussed is VHL; the disease is clear cell renal carcinoma.