So far, the direct validated targets of this miRNA include stem cell self-renewal regulator SOX2 in breast cancer [54], TGFBR1 and FGF9 in hepatocellular carcinoma [55], SOX9 and ALDH1 in ductal carcinoma in situ [61] and IGF1R in lung cancer [56]. The gene discussed is TGFBR1; the disease is ductal breast carcinoma in situ.