TNF and tuberculosis: Using the no-TB cases as a reference category, with adjustment for demographic variables including gender and age, we found that the TNF-α level was 1.46 times more likely to be elevated in TB patients (OR 1.459, 95% CI 1.169–1.821), whereas the IP-10 level was approximately 1 time more likely to be elevated in TB patients (OR 1.00, 95% CI 1.000–1.002).