CCL2 and infection: Mihret et al. demonstrated that the levels of epidermal growth factor, CX3CL1, IFN-γ, IL-4, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and IFN-γ inducible protein (IP-10) were significantly higher in patients with active infection than in latently infected or treated TB patients, suggesting that such measurements could be used for diagnosing M. tuberculosis infection and monitoring the efficacy of anti-TB therapy [9].