CHIT1 and protozoa infectious disease: Targeting the chitotriosidase activation cascade through the administration of specific antibodies or pan-chitinase inhibitors significantly ameliorates inflammation and fibrosis in several animal models of autoimmune diseases, most likely by suppressing the chitotriosidase dependent release of different cytokines and chemokines [55]; however, the safety of this approach in humans is not yet determined as it might increase the susceptibility to fungal and protozoal infections.