As shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b) a statistically significant reduction of PGC-1α and TFAM was found in AD patients if compared with age-matched controls (median ± SEM PGC-1α: CTL 0.11 ± 0.02 ng versus AD 0.08 ± 0.04 ng;  p < 0.05; TFAM: CTL 5.16 ± 0.74 ng versus AD 4.12 ± 0.94 ng;  p < 0.0001). The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is Alzheimer disease.