The aims of this study were to assess the frequency of obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia in a sample of child and adolescent users of risperidone, to evaluate associations with clinical and pharmacological data and with certain polymorphisms of the HTR2C, DRD2, LEP, LEPR, MC4R, and CYP2D6 genes. This evidence concerns the gene LEP and metabolic syndrome.