A prospective single-center cohort study that included 663 admissions to the ICU found that the AUC of peak plasma NGAL values for AKI was unaffected by the presence of sepsis (0.78, 95 % CI: 0.67–0.86 for sepsis vs. 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.72–0.79 for nonsepsis; P = 0.72) [34]. Here, LCN2 is linked to Sepsis.