The recent advances in identification of the molecular mechanisms related to tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, cell growth and proliferation, along with the understanding of molecular alterations involved in RCC pathogenesis [7-12], allowed to identify targets of clinical interest: the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFr), the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and its receptor (FGFr), the hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) and Akt activation. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and renal cell carcinoma.