TNF and ovarian carcinoma: Using preclinical models of ovarian cancer, in silico analyses of gene expression microarray datasets from over 500 patient samples and human ovarian cancer biopsies, we identified a malignant cell-autonomous cytokine network, which includes the stromal cell-derived factor CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4, the inflammatory cytokines TNF, IL6, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [7, 8].