In the current study, we investigated the expression of OLFM4, ERα, and PR in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) ovarian tissues, analyzed the expression of miR-486-5p in ovarian tissues and its association with OLFM4 levels and ERα signaling, examined the effects of OLFM4 on ovarian carcinoma cells, and evaluated the role of OLFM4 in the development and progression of ovarian cancer. The gene discussed is OLFM4; the disease is ovarian cancer.