Results showed that the frequency of PD-L1-expressing neutrophils was significantly elevated in SLE patients with fever, cutaneous manifestations and hematuria, but not in renal involvement (characterized by proteinuria, hematuria, or >5 leukocytes/high power field (hpf) excluding infection [21–23]), proteinuria and pyuria (Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and systemic lupus erythematosus.