Among the 2D nitride materials, g-C3N4 was reported to have intense electrochemiluminescence, which can be used for the detection of DNA, cancer cells, dopamine, concanavalin, heparin and biothiols; while h-BN nanosheets can be functionalized for electrocatalysis and further detection of hydrogen peroxide, forchlorfenuron, interleukin-6, etc. Here, IL6 is linked to cancer.