TGM2 and central nervous system cancer: Antonyak and colleagues demonstrated that ectosome-like MV, derived from different human cancer cells (breast carcinoma and glioma cells), can transform normal fibroblasts and enhance their survival abilities by transferring tissue transglutaminase (tTG), an enzyme that can cross-link Fibronectin (FN) on the ectosomes, enhancing the role of FN in potentiating activation of integrins and their downstream effectors, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and ERK [72].