PMAIP1 and cancer: The paradoxical nature of PMAIP1 upregulation in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma is underscored by the fact that PMAIP1 expression was sharply decreased in stage 4 MYCN-WT neuroblastomas compared with stage 1–3 MYCN-WT neuroblastomas (Figure 1E), consistent with the widely noted suppression of pro-apoptotic proteins as cancers progress (reviewed in Hata et al., 2015).