HMGA2 and cancer: It is previously known that HMGA2 chromosomal rearrangements are implicated in benign tumours of mesenchymal origin [23] and overexpression of the HMGA2 protein is found in a variety of malignant tumour types such as breast cancer [24], pancreatic cancer [25], oral squamous cell carcinomas [26] as well as NSCLC [6–8].