Systematic PLTP deficient mice (PLTP−/−) showed moderate responses to interleukin-6 (IL-6) stimulation, whereas lethal endotoxemia caused a higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, stronger organ damage, and lower survival rate in PLTP−/−, demonstrating that PLTP is a necessary protective protein in LPS induced inflammatory responses12, 13. This evidence concerns the gene PLTP and serum lipopolysaccharide activity.