Previous in vitro studies of RelA Thr505 phosphorylation had all pointed to this modification providing a mechanism to suppress the tumour-promoting functions of RelA.11, 12, 15, 16 The data from partial hepatectomy and liver injury models above, where consistently higher levels of cell proliferation, accompanied by higher levels of DNA damage were seen in RelA T505A mice, were all consistent with this hypothesis. Here, RELA is linked to neoplasm.