APC and adenoma: Using a phospho-specific antibody that recognizes an activated form of JNK, we observed high JNK activation specifically in guts that contain APC−/− adenomas (Figures 4B, 4B′, S4A, and S4A′), but not in control wild-type (Figures 4A and 4A′) or heterozygous APC−/+ (Figure S4B) guts.