Advances in geno-typing have changed the clinical practice of treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially non-squamous types where driver mutations, e.g. epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) translocation are commonly present. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.