Anti-TLR4 antibody was shown to reduce infarct volumes and neurological deficit at 48h after MCAO in a standard stroke model of transient focal cerebral ischemia similar to the protective effects of anti-TLR2 antibody [8] and intracerebroventricular injection of TLR4-NOX4 inhibitor resatorvid [14] in experimental stroke. The gene discussed is NOX4; the disease is stroke disorder.