In Spain, no association between the presence of protective alleles (HLA-A*02 and/or HLA-Cw08) and HAM/TSP could be demonstrated nor were there significant differences in PVLs; however, HAM/TSP was significantly associated with HLA-B*07 and HLA-DRB1*0101 [9]. Here, HLA-DRB1 is linked to tropical spastic paraparesis.