Given that the occurrence of beta-lactamase positive bacterial species in subjects affected with periodontitis/ gingivitis is well documented in literature [20,23,24], results obtained with the 'Independent Contribution' sub-module of Global Mapper were further analysed to obtain additional insights regarding the contributions of individual microbes (in both PD and PH) to beta-lactam resistance. The gene discussed is LACTB; the disease is gingivitis.