In summary, our present study demonstrates that targeting Arg-II protects mice from HFD-induced liver steatosis through suppression of macrophage inflammation and suppression of the release of TNF-α and IL-6, which leads to improved AMPK activation, resulting in inhibition of SREBP-1c and ultimately the suppression of lipogenic enzymes and inhibition of hepatic lipogenesis (Fig. 8D). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is fatty liver disease.