CXCL8 and bacterial vaginosis: While high neutrophil recruitment is a strong marker of vaginitis due to sexually transmitted bacteria,10 we observe limited neutrophil recruitment in BV as previously reported.11 This observation is in contradiction with the fact that IL-8 is known to chemo-attract immune cells such as neutrophils to the site of injury.12 However, it is also well-known that during pregnancy an immune “re-balancing” toward IL-10 synthesis occurs to tolerate the fetus.6,13 We observe such an IL-10 increase in BV without APO.