However, an increase in the amount of L. iners in the vaginal bacteria can be considered an indirect marker of a transitional change of the microbiota under environmental conditions such as those observed following antimicrobial treatment of BV.27 Furthermore, the previous studies showing the association between dominant L. iners group in the vaginal microbiota and prematurity did not study concomitant anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-22 synthesis. Here, IL10 is linked to bacterial vaginosis.