In summary, we have identified five recurrent mutations in women with familial and/or early-onset breast and/or ovarian cancer from Southern Poland; BRCA1 c.5266dupC in six patients (prevalence: 5 %), BRCA1 c.181 T > G in four patients (prevalence: 3.3 %), BRCA2 likely pathogenic c.9371A > T in two patients, (1.7 %), BRCA2 c.9403delC in two patients (1.7 %) and PALB2 c.509_510delGA in two patients (1.7 %). This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and ovarian cancer.