PTX3 and gestational diabetes: While this pattern was seen in the study group as a whole, women with GDM had significantly lower PTX3 levels than those without GDM at 14–16 weeks and 22–24 weeks as well as at 5-year follow-up when using the WHO criteria, but only at 5-year follow-up when using the IADPSG criteria (Additional file 1: Table S1).