AKT1 and Insulin resistance: At the molecular level, insulin resistance is characterized by an impaired insulin-activated insulin receptor/insulin receptor substrate/phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (IR/IRS-PI3K-Akt) pathway, the major player in the metabolic action of insulin, which leads to suppressed insulin-induced glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive organs, including the heart [6,13].