Vehicles for the transfer of toxic proteins (PrPsc: Prion disease; APP: Alzheimer’s disease; superoxide dismutase: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); alpha-synuclein: Parkinson’s disease) Fevrier et al. (2004); Alvarez-Erviti et al. (2011b) and Bellingham et al. (2012b) miRNAs can stimulate inflammatory response (activating Toll-like receptors) in stroke, ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases (Paschon et al., 2015) miR-124 dysregulation is associated to several CNS disorders Sun et al. (2015) Cystatin C dysregulation is associated to Alzheimer’s disease Ghidoni et al. (2011). The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.