Measurement of cytokines in CSF from PD and control cases identified significant changes in the cytokines/growth factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PIGF), soluble VEGF receptor (sVEGFR2), and angiopoietin2 (ANG2), associated with angiogenesis (Janelidze et al., 2015). The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is Parkinson disease.