Twist1 has been implicated in several molecular pathways that are engaged in tumor progression, apoptosis and EMT.27, 28, 29, 30, 31 Recent studies have also shown that its dysregulation is involved in the pathophysiology of myelodysplastic syndrome and chronic myeloid leukemia,32, 33, 38 two myeloid neoplasms that share similar ancestral background with AML in the hierarchy of hematopoietic differentiation. The gene discussed is TWIST1; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.