For example, miR-133a is demonstrated to have a critical role in determining cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by regulating its specific target genes: RhoA, a GDP-GTP exchange protein regulating cardiac hypertrophy; CdC42, a signal transduction kinase implicated in hypertrophy; and Nelf-A/WHSC2, a nuclear factor involved in cardiogenesis33. This evidence concerns the gene NELFA and cardiac hypertrophy.