AIRE and autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1: It has, however, remained elusive how many of these proteins, for which the filter of central tolerance fails, that become immune targets in patients with mutations in AIRE. Although several autoantigens have been defined in APS1 through focused investigations17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, the range of self-molecules that become targeted by the immune system has not been studied in a comprehensive way.