As shown in Tables 4 and 5, compared with the combination of high 25(OH)D and SHBG, most groups trended toward higher odds of mild and moderate–severe NAFLD, but the combination of low 25(OH)D and SHBG was associated with the highest or almost highest odds of mild NAFLD (OR 3.78, 95% CI 2.30, 6.19, men; OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.99, 6.46, women) and moderate–severe NAFLD (OR 11.08, 95% CI 6.85, 17.92; OR 15.18, 95% CI 8.00, 28.82, women) in model 1. This evidence concerns the gene SHBG and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.