Low levels of SHBG were associated with an elevated risk of NAFLD; however, the combined association of low SHBG and low 25(OH)D was much larger, especially in moderate–severe NAFLD, with a 6.57 times higher risk in men and 8.16 times higher risk in postmenopausal women, suggesting a substantially increased risk of NAFLD for people with low SHBG who also have vitamin D deficiency. The gene discussed is SHBG; the disease is vitamin D deficiency.