VCAM1 and Hyperglycemia: Proinflammatory stimuli such as a diet rich in saturated fat, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglycemia cause the expression of adhesion molecules, for example, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and P-selectin in endothelium, and these molecules facilitate the attachment of monocytes and lymphocyte [48, 49].