Thus, for the first time, we demonstrated the sex-dependent effect size of SUA by URAT1 nonfunctional variants, which is also important for understanding the pathogenesis of renal hypouricemia because mild renal hypouricemia (SUA ≤ 3.0 mg/dl) could be caused by a heterozygous nonfunctional variant of URAT120 or GLUT921. Here, SLC22A12 is linked to hypouricemia, renal.