INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: We also searched the publicly available European GWAS data11, 25, 26 (MAGIC, http://www.magicinvestigators.org) and found that the T2D risk allele at the DMRTA1 locus (rs11791293-C; proxy for rs1575972-T, CEU r2=1) and at the MIR4686 locus (rs7111341-T; proxy for rs7107784-G, CEU r2=0.95) were associated with a decrease in fasting plasma insulin (FPI) (P=0.0039; Supplementary Table 8) and with an increase in FPI (P=0.0066; Supplementary Table 8), respectively, although these associations were not statistically significant (P≥0.0008=0.05/63 (7 SNPs × 9 traits)).