In fact, while low adiponectin has been associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome [39], some macro- and micro-vascular damages [38, 40] and T2D [39], so to make reasonable hypothesize that drugs activating adiponectin signaling pathways improve all the above mentioned metabolic and vascular disturbances [4], on the other hand, adiponectin levels are positively associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with type 1 diabetes [45] and with all-cause mortality in patients with T2D [46, 47]. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.