At the individual gene level, 197 (25 % of the total) of the DEGs identified in NEC also appear to be modulated in pedCD [26] (see Additional file 8 for a complete list of common DEGs) such as CXCL10, DUOX2, LCN2 and LYZ (Fig. 4c). Here, CXCL10 is linked to necrotizing enterocolitis.