CXCL11 release has previously been shown to be induced by oxidative stress exposure [46] and liver ischemia/reperfusion injury [47] supporting the idea that the antioxidant effect of sympathectomy is possibly attributable to the downregulation of CXCL11 and possibly the other cytokines and chemokines studied including GM-CSF [48]. This evidence concerns the gene CXCL11 and medical procedure.