In contrast, anti-PTX3 aAbs were not detected in the sera of our control group of patients with other inflammatory diseases i.e. psoriasic arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren’s syndrome, or systemic sclerosis [17, 18], thereby suggesting that the presence of anti-PTX3 aAbs may be limited to some autoimmune disorders (i.e. systemic lupus and vasculitis). Here, PTX3 is linked to autoimmune disease.