ENG and preeclampsia: Hypoxia, along with the oxidative stress response, appeared to be among the main affected pathways in preeclamptic placenta, and a large number of preeclampsia-associated genes, including the antiangiogenic factor sFLT-1 and endoglin, were transcriptionally regulated by the HIF-1 complex, indicating the central role played by hypoxia in the development of preeclampsia39, 41.