NANOG and embryonal carcinoma: Nanog has also been reported to enhance proliferation and/or self-renewal in other somatic and stem cell lines by regulating molecules involved in stemness, cell cycle and senescence machinery [Cao et al., 2010 (adult human fibroblasts); Choi et al., 2012 (embryonic carcinoma cells); Go et al., 2008 (mesenchymal stem cells); Shan et al., 2012 (cancer stem cells); Tanaka et al., 2007 (hematopoietic stem cells)].