TRβPV/PV mice possess a knock-in mutation of the TRβ gene and spontaneously develop TSH-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSHoma) with age (102); MENX rats harbor biallelic frameshift mutations of the CDKN1B gene (encoding p27KIP1) and develop pituitary adenomas alongside multiple other endocrine tumors (103). This evidence concerns the gene CDKN1B and malignant endocrine neoplasm.