In vitro studies seemingly support this interpretation; ectopic expression of DUSP6/MKP-3 in either pancreatic or lung cancer cells resulted in the suppression of cell growth and apoptosis [22], [25], while expression of DUSP6/MKP-3 in Hras transformed fibroblasts caused a significant delay in tumour formation after injection into nude mice [26]. This evidence concerns the gene DUSP6 and lung carcinoma.