Surprisingly, we did not observe significant induction of gene expression for tumor necrosis factor α nor interleukin 1β in the hippocampus during CLP sepsis, contrary to previous reports [93]; this discrepancy may be related to differences in sepsis severity, which can vary depending on multiple experimental parameters [54]; on the anatomical sampling; or on differences in assay detection limit (the expression of cytokines generally being much lower in the CNS than in many other tissues, even during systemic infection). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Sepsis.