The aim of this 12-week intervention study was to examine whether reductions in PBMC and plasma Lp-PLA2 activities induced by dietary intervention (replacement of refined rice with whole grains and legumes, and higher intake of vegetables) affected the overall metabolic profiles of PBMC and plasma in nonobese patients that exhibited IFG, IGT, or newly-diagnosed T2D. This evidence concerns the gene PLA2G7 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.