ACE and heart failure: Previous history of: heart failure, diabetes, AKI, dementia and prostatic hypertrophy, as well as recent prescription of: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aminoglycoside nebuliser, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), diuretics, and a concurrent diagnosis of sepsis, were more frequent in those with AKI than in those without AKI.