Silencing Sox2 in TRCs significantly decreased the size of the primary tumor and the number of disseminated tumor foci when compared with scrambled control (Fig. 4); summarized data show that tumor sizes were much smaller in the Sox2 shRNA group than the scrambled group from 1 dpi through 6 dpi (Fig. 5a), suggesting that Sox2 is essential in cell self-renewal and survival, extending previously published results in mice12, 13. Here, SOX2 is linked to neoplasm.